라이브 #would와 could 올바른 사용법

 

1. Could, Would는 Can, Will의 과거가 아니다.

~을 할 수 있었어

1. was able to: I was able to get up early yesterday.

2. managed to: I managed to get up early yesterday.

 

2. Would, Could가 다른 과거형 동사와 쓰일 때: 과거 시점에서 바라본 미래를 의미

나는 오늘 비가 올 줄 알았어.

I thought it would rain today.

그녀가 그것에 대해서 다시 얘기를 하지 않겠다고 약속했어.

She promised (that) she wouldn't talk about that again.

(내가 걔한테) 최선을 다하겠다고 말했어.

I told him (that) I would try my best.

난 너가 그거에 대해서 알줄 알았어. vs 난 너가 그거에 대해서 (이미) 아는 줄 알았어.

I thought you would know about that. vs I thought you (already) knew about that.

난 이게 더 비쌀 줄 알았어. vs 난 이게 더 비싼 줄 알았어.

I thought this would be more expensive. vs I thought this was more expensive.

난 너가 날 도와줄 수 있을 줄 알았어.

I thought you could help me.

난 여기에 제 시간에 못올 줄 알았어.(실제 결과와는 반대를 예상했다는 의미) vs 난 여기에 제 시간에 못올 줄 알았어.(예상을 했던 결과라는 것을 의미)

I didn't think I could get here/make it/arrive on time. vs I knew I couldn't get here/make it/arrive on time.

걔는 (자기가) 시험을 통과할 수 있을 줄 알았어. (예상을 했던 결과라는 것을 강조)

She knew (that) she could pass the test.

3. Would, Could를 단독으로 사용할 때 현재와 미래시점을 의미:
   I could ~을 할 수도 있다. (can의 불확실한 버젼)
   I would ~일 거야. (will의 불확실한 버젼)

그녀와 결혼할 수도 있어, 하지만 좀 더 생각해 볼 필요가 있을 것 같아.

I could marry her, but I think I need to think about it some more.

너가 내 친구라면, 내가 도와줄 거야.

If you were my friend, I would help you.

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*Would의 쓰임

1. question: Would you like a cup of tea?

2. polite request: I would like some salad, please.

3. imaginary/hypothetical (conditional): If I won a lot of money, I would give some of it to charity.

4. something in the past-too late now (conditional): If I had know that your car had broken now, I would have give you a lift.

5. after who, what, when, where, why, how:

Who would be the best person for this job?

What would you do if...?

When would you like to travel?

Where would you like to go today?

Why would she leave her car there?

How would he react?

6. regular past action: My neighbor's dog would howl.

7. preference, using rather or sooner + than: I would rather drink tea than coffee in the afternoon.

8. intention: He said he would clean the kitchen.

*Could의 쓰임

1. I haven't checked but it could be snowing outside now. - 확인되지 않았지만 실제 가능성 (현재시점)

2. You could just send it to me via email. - 제안 (현재시점)

3. I guess it could be a little different now but I'm sure it's more or less the same. - 믿기 어렵거나 배제하고 싶은 가능성 (현재시점)

4. How could this happen? - 의문의 형태로 놀라움 표현 (현재시점)

5. When I was in college, I could eat a whole pizza by myself and I wouldn't feel full. - 과거에 지녔던 능력 (과거시점) -- 많은 사람들이 보통 이거에만 신경 씀

6. You could've just called. - 과거에 존재했던 대안(과거시점 - 완료시제와 함께 쓰임으로 could에 대한 활용으로만 볼 수는 없음)

7. Could you hold on for a second? - 공손한 어투로 부탁(현재시점)

 

★My own sentence

그는 졸업시험에 합격할 줄 알았지만 통과하지 못했다. 더 열심히 공부했어야 했다.

He thought he could pass the graduation test, but he failed. He should've studied harder.